Which of the following principles ensures that expenses are recorded in the period they are incurred?

• A. Matching principle
• B. Accrual principle
• C. Revenue recognition principle
• D. Conservatism principle

Answer: (A)

The matching principle is fundamental in accounting as it dictates that expenses should be recognized in the same accounting period as the revenues they help generate. This approach provides a clear and accurate picture of a company's financial performance by aligning costs with their related revenue. By matching expenses to revenues, financial statements more accurately reflect profitability during specific time periods, allowing stakeholders to assess financial health and operational efficiency more effectively. This principle not only ensures consistency in financial reporting but also enhances transparency, fostering trust among investors and creditors by presenting a true view of financial results.

In contrast, while the accrual principle does require expenses to be recorded when incurred rather than paid, it encompasses a broader concept of recognizing revenues and expenses when they are earned or incurred, regardless of cash transactions. The revenue recognition principle focuses specifically on the timing of revenue recognition rather than expenses. The conservatism principle advises that potential expenses and losses should be recognized as soon as they are apparent, while gains and revenues should only be recognized when they are realized or assured. All these principles work together in accounting, but it is the matching principle that directly addresses the timing of expense recognition in relation to revenues earned.