What is the main focus of the conservatism principle in accounting?

• A. Maximizing reported earnings
• B. Never overestimating assets or revenue
• C. Recording revenue when it is earned
• D. Overstating liabilities and expenses

Answer: (B)

The main focus of the conservatism principle in accounting is to ensure that assets and revenues are not overestimated. This principle encourages accountants to anticipate potential losses and expenses while being cautious when recognizing income or assets. By adopting a conservative approach, accountants avoid presenting an overly optimistic view of a company's financial position. The idea is to provide a more reliable and realistic picture of financial health by favoring lower estimates for income or higher estimates for expenses. This minimizes the risk of reporting inflated profits and assets, which could mislead stakeholders about the company's actual performance and stability. Thus, the principle prioritizes the protection of stakeholders' interests through prudent and cautious reporting practices.